Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Melalui Budidaya Ikan Lele dengan Teknologi Sistem Bioflok di Era Pandemi Covid-19

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu pelaksanaan Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi yang harus dilakukan dalam rangka untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan dan teknologi serta inovasi kepada masyarakat terutama masyarakat yang menjadi mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian. Permasalahan yang perlu mendapat solusi terhadap masyarakat yang membudidayakan ikan lele dengan sistem bioflok di Desa Bayeun Kecamatan Birem Bayeun Kabupaten Aceh Timur, masih lemahnya dalam pengusaan teknologi budidaya itu sendiri sehinggga pihak pengusul harus membantu mitra dan pihak lainnya dalam menguasi  teknologi tersebut sehingga nantinya peternak dapat menerapkannya dalam kegiatan budidaya ikan lele dengan sistem bioflok. Penggunaan teknologi bioflok dirasa memberi manfaat yang besar bagi peternak karena teknologi ini bisa menghemat penggunaan pakan. Setelah diperkenalkan penggunaan, manfaat dan cara penggunaan teknologi dalam menerapkan budidaya ikan lele kepada masyarakat atau peternak ikan diharapkan peternak tertarik dengan teknologi tersebut agar dapat diterapkan pada usaha budidaya ikan lele dengan sistem bioflok di masa mendatang

Synthesis of platinum nanoparticles on graphene via electrophoretic deposition as catalyst for PEMFC

High Pt loadings have better tradeoff in PEMFC in terms of improved performance and operational longevity, but to employ low amounts of Pt electrocatalysts and augment its utilization is vital. This study presents the use of a novel technique, an anodic electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method, through which Pt/GO nanocomposites have been successfully fabricated onto oxygen plasma pretreated carbon paper in an organo-aqueous media. Characterization of the prepared Pt/GO samples is done via Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma, focused ion beam, transmission electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Electrochemically active surface area results (optimal ECSA value, 27 m2/g of Pt) calculated from the prepared samples reveal high performance of Pt nanoparticles dispersed well on GO at lower loadings (0.129 mg/cm2), displaying their synergistic performance making them potential catalyst candidate for PEMFC

PENGARUH MODEL GUIDED DICOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA PADA MATERI ALAT OPTIK DI SMA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model guided discovery learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada materi alat optik di SMA. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 53 Jakarta pada bulan April sampai Mei 2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian eksperimen semu (Quasi Experimental Design). Model guided discovery learning diterapkan di kelas eksperimen dan model explicit instruction diterapkan di kelas kontrol. Di akhir pembelajaran, kedua kelas diberi tes akhir dengan instrumen yang sama yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya berbentuk essai sebanyak 8 soal. Reliabilitas instrumen diukur dengan rumus Alpha, diperoleh 1,043. Pengujian normalitas diukur dengan uji Lilliefors, diperoleh 0,124 untuk kelas eksperimen dan 0,148 untuk kelas kontrol. Pengujian homogenitas diukur dengan uji Bartlet, diperoleh 0,292. Hasil uji normalitas dan homogenitas menyatakan bahwa data kedua kelas normal dan homogen. Pengujian hipotesis diukur dengan uji T, diperoleh thitung 2,723 dan ttabel 1,689, karena thitung > ttabel maka Ho ditolak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model guided discovery learning memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada materi alat optik di SMA. This study aims to determine the effect of guided discovery learning models to creative thinking ability of students on optical instruments in SMA. This study was conducted in SMAN 53 Jakarta on April to May 2017. The method used is method of quasi experimental design. Guided discovery learning models was applied on experiment class and explicit intruction models was applied on control class. At final lesson, final test was given to both class using same instrument that has been tested for its validity and realibility in essay form as much as 24 questions. Instrument reliability is measured by Alpha formula, result was 1.043. Normality test done using Lilliefors test, result was 0.124 for experiment class and 0.148 for control class. Homogeneity test done using Bartlet test, result was 0.292. Normality and homogeneity test results showed that both class was normal and homogeneous. Hypothesis test done using T test, result was 2.723 and ttable as much as 1.689, because tcount > ttable then Ho is rejected. It can be concluded that the applying of guided discovery learning models had positive influence on creative thinking ability of students on optical instruments in SMA

Application of advanced energy storage materials in direct solar desalination: A state of art review

Storage of the thermal energy of solar intensity has a significant effect on the efficiency of desalination systems at nighttime, when solar intensity is not available. Solar energy provides the potential to facilitate the freshwater needs of small communities, where access to potable water is commonly limited. However, freshwater generation formation via solar stills remains low when compared to other desalination methods. Hence, multiple innovative materials for efficient water production by solar stills have been invetsigated in the literature, where this is addressed on a wide scale in this comprehensive review. This includes a focus on innovative materials including nanomaterials, nanofluids, nanoparticles-based phase change materials (PCMs), composite PCMs, PCMs with porous materials and PCMs with heat pipes. The review\u27s outcomes identify that advanced energy storage materials substantially influence the enhancement of solar still productivity as compared to conventional solar stills. The results indicate that the application of thermosyphon heat pipes with PCM more than doubles the performance of solar still water productivity. The productivity of solar desalination can also be improved by utilizing PCM/porous materials, with results indicating solar still water productivity to be enhanced by between 40 and 70%. A cost analysis as well as an environmental evaluation of PCM-based solar desalination is also compiled in this review. A summary of the current status, leading groups, journals, and countries related to advanced energy storage materials in solar desalination is presented. Lastly, recommendations related to advanced energy storage materials in solar desalination are noted, assisting researchers to explore efficient water treatment methods

An integrated assessment model for food security under climate change for South Asia

The present study develops an integrated assessment model (IAM) for food security under climate change for South Asia. For IAM, initially, an econometric model is estimated that identifies the impact of climate change on crop yields, using the historical relationships between temperature, precipitation, and the production of cereals. Subsequently, future projections have been collected for temperature and precipitation from climate models of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), and the previous econometric model is applied to obtain the implied future cereal yields changes. Then, the yield variations are fed into a multiregional Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model, calibrated to the GTAP 9 database, taking the form of decreases in factor-augmenting productivity of the grains sector. Further, the present study evaluates the effects of climate change on an individual South Asian country. The results indicate that change in climate decreases food production, increases food prices, decreases food consumption, and thus affects the welfare. Trade and fiscal policy responses are investigated to combat the problem of food security. It is revealed that these two policies fail to compensate climate change damage in all the selected South Asian countries

Do Farmers Adapt to Climate Change? A Macro Perspective

Greenhouse gas emissions cause climate change, and agriculture is the most vulnerable sector. Farmers do have some capability to adapt to changing weather and climate, but this capability is contingent on many factors, including geographical and socioeconomic conditions. Assessing the actual adaptation potential in the agricultural sector is therefore an empirical issue, to which this paper contributes by presenting a study examining the impacts of climate change on cereal yields in 55 developing and developed countries, using data from 1991 to 2015. The results indicate that cereal yields are affected in all regions by changes in temperature and precipitation, with significant differences in certain macro-regions in the world. In Southern Asia and Central Africa, farmers fail to adapt to climate change. The findings suggest that the world should focus more on enhancing adaptive capacity to moderate potential damage and on coping with the consequences of climate change

Policy Failure in Achieving Universal Basic Education: A Theoretical Analysis

Universal attainment of basic education is recognised as a key development goal; whereas early-age work is considered as a barrier to achieving this goal. The literature suggests that returns to education are larger than those of early-age work, and that child-labour results in long term social loss that reduces human capital. This study evaluates the argument that earlyage work can itself lead to accumulation of human capital when it takes the form of apprenticeship career path. The paper develops a model that allows a rational agent (parent) to compare the early-age work as apprenticeship career path with the formal education career and shows that the parents’ career choice for their child will depend on the lifetime earnings of both careers. The theoretical model is further extended and empirically tested to check whether benefits of education are higher for all levels of education. The simulation analysis suggests that for lower level of education up to Grade-12, the benefits of apprenticeship exceed the net benefits of education whereas, at Grade-12 and beyond, the net benefits of education in terms of earnings outstrip the apprenticeship career. The study implies that early-age work may not necessarily be inefficient when compared with low levels of schooling and that any intervention should ensure universal education for all without compromising skill development of resource poor children. This can be achieved through making skill development complementary to education. JEL Classifications: H44, H52, I26, J24 Keywords: Child-labour, Basic Education, Human Capital, Public Polic